Fat tissue cells keep a "memory" of obesity after dieting, with long-lasting changes to gene function, a new study finds. The study may help explain why many people struggle to sustain long-term weight loss.
Researchers analyzing fat tissue cells in humans and mice found epigenetic changes to the RNA of those with a history of obesity compared with control groups (see RNA overview). Genes involved in metabolism for those individuals were turned off; their fat cells also took in nutrients at a faster rate. After low-calorie diets, those with a history of obesity regained weight faster than their respective control groups.
The study suggests a correlation—not necessarily causal tie—between the pace of weight regain and epigenetic markers for those with a history of obesity. These molecular differences remained even after stomach reduction and gastric bypass surgery, with no known mechanism to reverse them. Researchers suggest their findings may emphasize the value of prevention. Read the full study here.
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